Table 2
----------------------------------------
Thoracic Stabilizers
----------------------------------------
abdominals
spinal extensors
latissimus dorsi
----------------------------------------
Table 3
----------------------------------------
Scapulothoracic Area
----------------------------------------
middle trapezius
lower trapezius
serratus anterior
rhomboids
----------------------------------------
Table 4
----------------------------------------
Chest Wall
----------------------------------------
pectoralis major
pectoralis minor
----------------------------------------
Table 5
----------------------------------------
Upper Extremity
----------------------------------------
bicep
tricep
deltoid
supraspinatus
----------------------------------------
Postural examination is performed on each visit to help patients find relief through posture alterations and advise against possible aggravating activities, i.e., prolonged desk work, typing, lifting etc. One of the basic requirements for enhancing health strength, and appearance is good posture. Good posture prevents undue tensing of some muscles and undue lengthening of others.
Everyone is given home-care instruction. This includes application of ice, finding positions of comfort, consideration for a new pillow, activities of daily living, and rest. Cover any information that the patient needs to develop good habits to assist in permanent recovery. If job restrictions are necessary, they are kept to a minimum and efforts are made to reach a no restriction status quickly. It is important to achieve lifestyle normalcy to facilitate a full and speedy recovery.
References
Allbroke D et al. Muscle regeneration in experimental animals and man. J Bone & Jt Surg, 66-B(1):153-169, 1966.
Basmajian JV (ed). Therapeutic Exercise. Baltimore, Williams & Wilkins, 1984.
Cassidy JD, Lopes AA, Yong-Hing K. Immediate effect of manipulation versus mobilization on pain and range of motion in the cervical spine: A randomized controlled trial. L Manip Physiol Ther, 15(9):570-575, 1992.
Christensen KD. Rehabilitation Case Management Guidelines, In: Rehabilitation Guidelines for Chiropractic. Chiropractic Rehabilitation Association, 1992.
Croft AC. Treatment paradigm for cervical acceleration/deceleration injuries (whiplash). ACA J of Chiro, 30: 41-45, 1993.
Fitz-Ritson D. Chiropractic management and rehabilitation of cervical trauma. J Manip Physiol Ther, 13:17-25, 1990.
Foreman SM, Croft AC. Whiplash Injuries, the Cervical Acceleration/Deceleration Syndrome. Baltimore, Williams & Wilkins, 1988.
Lehto M, Neilmarkka O. Scar formation after skeletal muscle injury, Arch Orthop Trauma Surg, 104:366-370, 1986.
Murphy DJ. Whiplash spinal trauma and soft tissue injury. Course notes, 1993.
Saal JS: Flexibility training. Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation: State of the Art Reviews 1:537-554, 1987. Philadelphia, Hanley & Belfus, Inc.
Tarola GA: Whiplash: General considerations in assessment, treatment, management, and prognosis, part 2. ACA J of Chiro, 30:(2)47-48, 61-63, 66-67, 1993.
Jeffrey H. Tucker, DC
Los Angeles, California
